Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO)
Term: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO)
Category: Medical Devices
Definition: An extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) is a device that can replace the lungs’ function outside the human frame. The ECMO transports the blood away from the heart through a specialized membrane, which allows for the entry of oxygen into the red cell and the exit of carbon dioxide out of the cell.
Recent improvements in ECMO technology use relatively thin, hollow, and biocompatible fibers to maximize the efficiency of gas exchange and minimize potential clot formation due to the flow of blood through an artificial structure.
The ECMO machine may be used to maintain circulation and facilitate perfusion during open heart surgery, life-supporting therapy for patients with selected lung-related diseases, and provide ECMO therapy. Some ECMOs have specialized coatings applied to them to enhance their ability to support the clotting process.
Uses:
- Assisting with heart-lung functions during heart surgery.
- Providing support for serious breathing or heart issues.
- Offering temporary lung help for injuries, infections, or certain lung conditions.
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